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2024-02-07 23:26:40 +08:00
## YD-pyBoard核心板简介
YD-pyBoard核心板由源地工作室研发，受到官方PYB启发，改进而来，但是与官方的固件并不兼容，造成不兼容的原因由以下情况造成：
1. 官方的加速度传感器MMA7660已经停产，我们源地更换为KXTJ3-1057，所以源代码要修改。
2. 由于官方的核心板SD卡座，经过评估和实际测试容易发生失效（检查卡座插入的机械结构，容易损坏），造成SD插入检查失效，源地YD-pyBoard新更换的SD卡座性能更加可靠，检查更换为高电平检查（官方为低电平检查），所以代码要修改。
3. 源地YD-pyBoard新添加WS2812灯，代码要修改下。
YD-pyBoard核心板与官方的Pyboard V1.1差别详细对比：
| | 官方Pyboard V1.1 | 源地®YD-Pyboard V3.0 |
| ------------ | -------------------- | --------------------------- |
| TF卡座 | SD卡插入识别为低电平 | SD卡插入识别为高电平 |
| RGB灯 | 无 | 有WS2812(MCU的B5) |
| BOOT按键 | 无 | 有（方便进入Bootloard模式） |
| USB接口 | MicroUSB（老款） | Type-c（新款） |
| 加速度传感器 | MMA7660FC（已停产） | KXTJ3-1057（性能更佳） |
| SWD接口 | 无（无法SWD调试） | 有（可以SWD调试） |
| 自恢复保险丝 | 无 | 有 |
| 电源指示灯 | 无 | 有 |
## 源地YD-pyBoard核心板mpconfigboard.h
主要修改加速度传感器和SD卡座识别方式等代码，mpconfigboard.h代码修改如下：
```bash
#define MICROPY_HW_BOARD_NAME "YD-Pyboard V3.0-MPY-1.21.1-2"
#define MICROPY_HW_MCU_NAME "STM32F405RG"
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_SWITCH (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_FLASH (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_KXTJ3 (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_LCD (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RNG (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RTC (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SERVO (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_DAC (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_USB (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SDCARD (1)
#define MICROPY_PY_THREAD (1)
// HSE is 12MHz
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLM (12)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLN (336)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLP (RCC_PLLP_DIV2)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLQ (7)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_LAST_FREQ (1)
// The pyboard has a 32kHz crystal for the RTC
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_LSE (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_US (0)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_CALOUT (1)
// UART config
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_NAME "XB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_TX (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_RX (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_TX (pin_A2)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RX (pin_A3)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RTS (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_CTS (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_NAME "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_TX (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RX (pin_B11)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RTS (pin_B14)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_CTS (pin_B13)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_NAME "XA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_TX (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_RX (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_NAME "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_TX (pin_C6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_RX (pin_C7)
// I2C buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SCL (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SDA (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SCL (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SDA (pin_B11)
// SPI buses
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NSS (pin_A4) // X5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_SCK (pin_A5) // X6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MISO (pin_A6) // X7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MOSI (pin_A7) // X8
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NSS (pin_B12) // Y5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_SCK (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MISO (pin_B14) // Y7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MOSI (pin_B15) // Y8
// I2S buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2S2 (1)
// CAN buses
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_NAME "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_TX (pin_B9) // Y4
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_RX (pin_B8) // Y3
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_NAME "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_TX (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_RX (pin_B12) // Y5
// USRSW has no pullup or pulldown, and pressing the switch makes the input go low
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PIN (pin_B3)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PULL (GPIO_PULLUP)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_EXTI_MODE (GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PRESSED (0)
// The pyboard has 4 LEDs
#define MICROPY_HW_LED1 (pin_A13) // red
#define MICROPY_HW_LED2 (pin_A14) // green
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3 (pin_A15) // yellow
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4 (pin_B4) // blue
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3_PWM { TIM2, 2, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF1_TIM2 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4_PWM { TIM3, 3, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF2_TIM3 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_ON(pin) (mp_hal_pin_high(pin))
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_OFF(pin) (mp_hal_pin_low(pin))
// SD card detect switch
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PIN (pin_A8)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PULL (GPIO_PULLDOWN)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PRESENT (GPIO_PIN_SET)
// USB config
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_FS (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_VBUS_DETECT_PIN (pin_A9)
// MMA accelerometer config-
// Bootloader configuration (only needed if Mboot is used)
#define MBOOT_I2C_PERIPH_ID 1
#define MBOOT_I2C_SCL (pin_B8)
#define MBOOT_I2C_SDA (pin_B9)
#define MBOOT_I2C_ALTFUNC (4)
```
## 源地YD-pyBoard的pins.csv
修改后的别名表，RGB控制以引脚为B5。
| X1 | PA0 |
| ---------- | ----- |
| X2 | PA1 |
| X3 | PA2 |
| X4 | PA3 |
| X5 | PA4 |
| X6 | PA5 |
| X7 | PA6 |
| X8 | PA7 |
| X9 | PB6 |
| X10 | PB7 |
| X11 | PC4 |
| X12 | PC5 |
| X13 | Reset |
| X14 | GND |
| X15 | 3.3V |
| X16 | VIN |
| X17 | PB3 |
| X18 | PC13 |
| X19 | PC0 |
| X20 | PC1 |
| X21 | PC2 |
| X22 | PC3 |
| X23 | A3.3V |
| X24 | AGND |
| Y1 | PC6 |
| Y2 | PC7 |
| Y3 | PB8 |
| Y4 | PB9 |
| Y5 | PB12 |
| Y6 | PB13 |
| Y7 | PB14 |
| Y8 | PB15 |
| Y9 | PB10 |
| Y10 | PB11 |
| Y11 | PB0 |
| Y12 | PB1 |
| Y13 | Reset |
| Y14 | GND |
| Y15 | 3.3V |
| Y16 | VIN |
| SW | PB3 |
| LED_RED | PA13 |
| LED_GREEN | PA14 |
| LED_YELLOW | PA15 |
| LED_BLUE | PB4 |
| MMA_INT | PB2 |
| RGB | PB5 |
| SD_D0 | PC8 |
| SD_D1 | PC9 |
| SD_D2 | PC10 |
| SD_D3 | PC11 |
| SD_CMD | PD2 |
| SD_CK | PC12 |
| SD | PA8 |
| SD_SW | PA8 |
| USB_VBUS | PA9 |
| USB_ID | PA10 |
| USB_DM | PA11 |
| USB_DP | PA12 |
| A0 | PA0 |
| A1 | PA1 |
| A2 | PA2 |
| A3 | PA3 |
| A4 | PA4 |
| A5 | PA5 |
| A6 | PA6 |
| A7 | PA7 |
| B6 | PB6 |
| B7 | PB7 |
| C4 | PC4 |
| C5 | PC5 |
| B3 | PB3 |
| C13 | PC13 |
| C0 | PC0 |
| C1 | PC1 |
| C2 | PC2 |
| C3 | PC3 |
| C6 | PC6 |
| C7 | PC7 |
| B8 | PB8 |
| B9 | PB9 |
| B12 | PB12 |
| B13 | PB13 |
| B14 | PB14 |
| B15 | PB15 |
| B10 | PB10 |
| B11 | PB11 |
| B0 | PB0 |
| B1 | PB1 |
| B3 | PB3 |
| A13 | PA13 |
| A14 | PA14 |
| A15 | PA15 |
| B4 | PB4 |
| B2 | PB2 |
| B5 | PB5 |
| C8 | PC8 |
| C9 | PC9 |
| C10 | PC10 |
| C11 | PC11 |
| D2 | PD2 |
| C12 | PC12 |
| A8 | PA8 |
## 出厂测试代码
这是py测试脚本，用户可以放入TF卡或下载到mcu内测试：
```
import time
import _thread
from pyb import LED
from pyb import Accel
import neopixel
accel = Accel()
p = machine.Pin.board.RGB
n = neopixel.NeoPixel(p, 1)
def funcA(sec):
time.sleep(sec)
while 1:
LED(1).toggle()
time.sleep(0.5)
LED(2).toggle()
time.sleep(0.5)
LED(3).toggle()
time.sleep(0.5)
LED(4).toggle()
time.sleep(0.5)
def funcC(sec):
time.sleep(sec)
while 1:
if accel.x()>=10:
n[0] = (18, 0, 0)
n.write()
elif accel.x()<=-10:
n[0] = (0, 0, 20)
n.write()
elif accel.x()<10 and accel.y()>-10:
n[0] = (0, 20, 0)
n.write()
time.sleep(0.2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
_thread.start_new_thread(funcA, (0.5,))
_thread.start_new_thread(funcC, (1,))
```
## 下载固件
YD-pyBoard核心板，在第一次使用前（出厂已经烧录好MPY固件），如果遇到某些情况，需要烧写固件，建议：通过usb口烧录，这是最简单的下载方式，步骤如下：
执行按键操作让核心板进入bootloard模式：按住boot按键不放，在按一下RST按键核心板便进入bootloard模式，在bootloaed模式下mcu可以接受USB口下载，这时候推荐使用STM32CubeProgrammer下载。
## 基本例程
摘录与micropython快速入门手册，详细内容看登录官方网站micropython.org
基本操作
```
import pyb
pyb.repl_uart(pyb.UART(1, 9600)) # duplicate REPL on UART(1)
pyb.wfi() # pause CPU, waiting for interrupt
pyb.freq() # get CPU and bus frequencies
pyb.freq(60000000) # set CPU freq to 60MHz
pyb.stop() # stop CPU, waiting for external interrupt
```
延时和定时器
```
import time
time.sleep(1) # sleep for 1 second
time.sleep_ms(500) # sleep for 500 milliseconds
time.sleep_us(10) # sleep for 10 microseconds
start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter
delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference
```
板载LED
```
from pyb import LED
led = LED(1) # 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue
led.toggle()
led.on()
led.off()
# LEDs 3 and 4 support PWM intensity (0-255)
LED(4).intensity() # get intensity
LED(4).intensity(128) # set intensity to half
```
板载按键
```
from pyb import Switch
sw = Switch()
sw.value() # returns True or False
sw.callback(lambda: pyb.LED(1).toggle())
```
引脚和GPIO
```
from pyb import Pin
p_out = Pin('X1', Pin.OUT_PP)
p_out.high()
p_out.low()
p_in = Pin('X2', Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
p_in.value() # get value, 0 or 1
```
舵机控制
from pyb import Servo
```
s1 = Servo(1) # servo on position 1 (X1, VIN, GND)
s1.angle(45) # move to 45 degrees
s1.angle(-60, 1500) # move to -60 degrees in 1500ms
s1.speed(50) # for continuous rotation servos
```
定时器
```
from pyb import Timer
tim = Timer(1, freq=1000)
tim.counter() # get counter value
tim.freq(0.5) # 0.5 Hz
tim.callback(lambda t: pyb.LED(1).toggle())
```
RTC (实时时钟)
```
from pyb import RTC
rtc = RTC()
rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time
rtc.datetime() # get date and time
```
PWM
```
from pyb import Pin, Timer
p = Pin('X1') # X1 has TIM2, CH1
tim = Timer(2, freq=1000)
ch = tim.channel(1, Timer.PWM, pin=p)
ch.pulse_width_percent(50)
```
ADC (模数转换)
```
from pyb import Pin, ADC
adc = ADC(Pin('X19'))
adc.read() # read value, 0-4095
```
DAC(数模转换)
from pyb import Pin, DAC
dac = DAC(Pin('X5'))
dac.write(120) # output between 0 and 255
串口
```
from pyb import UART
uart = UART(1, 9600)
uart.write('hello')
uart.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes
```
SPI总线
```
from pyb import SPI
spi = SPI(1, SPI.CONTROLLER, baudrate=200000, polarity=1, phase=0)
spi.send('hello')
spi.recv(5) # receive 5 bytes on the bus
spi.send_recv('hello') # send and receive 5 bytes
```
I2C 软件通信
```
from machine import I2C
i2c = I2C('X', freq=400000) # create hardware I2c object
i2c = I2C(scl='X1', sda='X2', freq=100000) # create software I2C object
i2c.scan() # returns list of peripheral addresses
i2c.writeto(0x42, 'hello') # write 5 bytes to peripheral with address 0x42
i2c.readfrom(0x42, 5) # read 5 bytes from peripheral
i2c.readfrom_mem(0x42, 0x10, 2) # read 2 bytes from peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10
i2c.writeto_mem(0x42, 0x10, 'xy') # write 2 bytes to peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10
```
I2C硬件通信
```
from machine import I2S, Pin
i2s = I2S(2, sck=Pin('Y6'), ws=Pin('Y5'), sd=Pin('Y8'), mode=I2S.TX, bits=16, format=I2S.STEREO, rate=44100, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.write(buf) # write buffer of audio samples to I2S device
i2s = I2S(1, sck=Pin('X5'), ws=Pin('X6'), sd=Pin('Y4'), mode=I2S.RX, bits=16, format=I2S.MONO, rate=22050, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.readinto(buf) # fill buffer with audio samples from I2S device
```
CAN总线（控制器局域网）
```
from pyb import CAN
can = CAN(1, CAN.LOOPBACK)
can.setfilter(0, CAN.LIST16, 0, (123, 124, 125, 126))
can.send('message!', 123) # send a message with id 123
can.recv(0) # receive message on FIFO 0
```
板载加速器
```
from pyb import Accel
accel = Accel()
print(accel.x(), accel.y(), accel.z())
```