## YD-pyBoard核心板简介

YD-pyBoard核心板由源地工作室研发，受到官方PYB启发，改进而来，但是与官方的固件并不兼容，造成不兼容的原因由以下情况造成：

1. 官方的加速度传感器MMA7660已经停产，我们源地更换为KXTJ3-1057，所以源代码要修改。
2. 由于官方的核心板SD卡座，经过评估和实际测试容易发生失效（检查卡座插入的机械结构，容易损坏），造成SD插入检查失效，源地YD-pyBoard新更换的SD卡座性能更加可靠，检查更换为高电平检查（官方为低电平检查），所以代码要修改。
3. 源地YD-pyBoard新添加WS2812灯，代码要修改下。

YD-pyBoard核心板与官方的Pyboard  V1.1差别详细对比：

|              | 官方Pyboard  V1.1    | 源地®YD-Pyboard V3.0        |
| ------------ | -------------------- | --------------------------- |
| TF卡座       | SD卡插入识别为低电平 | SD卡插入识别为高电平        |
| RGB灯        | 无                   | 有WS2812(MCU的B5)           |
| BOOT按键     | 无                   | 有（方便进入Bootloard模式） |
| USB接口      | MicroUSB（老款）     | Type-c（新款）              |
| 加速度传感器 | MMA7660FC（已停产）  | KXTJ3-1057（性能更佳）      |
| SWD接口      | 无（无法SWD调试）    | 有（可以SWD调试）           |
| 自恢复保险丝 | 无                   | 有                          |
| 电源指示灯   | 无                   | 有                          |

## 相关软件

thonny：用于Micropython Pyhton调试编程软件 https://thonny.org/

下载hex软件:STM32CubeProgrammer  https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html

micropython官网：https://micropython.org/

## 源地YD-pyBoard核心板mpconfigboard.h

主要修改加速度传感器和SD卡座识别方式等代码，mpconfigboard.h代码修改如下：
```bash
#define MICROPY_HW_BOARD_NAME       "YD-Pyboard V3.0-MPY-1.21.1-2"
#define MICROPY_HW_MCU_NAME         "STM32F405RG"

#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_SWITCH       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_FLASH        (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_KXTJ3        (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_LCD          (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RNG       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RTC       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SERVO     (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_DAC       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_USB       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SDCARD    (1)

#define MICROPY_PY_THREAD           (1)

// HSE is 12MHz
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLM (12)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLN (336)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLP (RCC_PLLP_DIV2)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLQ (7)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_LAST_FREQ (1)

// The pyboard has a 32kHz crystal for the RTC
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_LSE      (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_US       (0)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_CALOUT   (1)

// UART config
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_NAME   "XB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_TX     (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_RX     (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_TX     (pin_A2)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RX     (pin_A3)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RTS    (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_CTS    (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_NAME   "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_TX     (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RX     (pin_B11)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RTS    (pin_B14)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_CTS    (pin_B13)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_NAME   "XA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_TX     (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_RX     (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_NAME   "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_TX     (pin_C6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_RX     (pin_C7)

// I2C buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SCL (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SDA (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SCL (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SDA (pin_B11)

// SPI buses
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NSS  (pin_A4) // X5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_SCK  (pin_A5) // X6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MISO (pin_A6) // X7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MOSI (pin_A7) // X8
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NSS  (pin_B12) // Y5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_SCK  (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MISO (pin_B14) // Y7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MOSI (pin_B15) // Y8

// I2S buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2S2      (1)

// CAN buses
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_NAME "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_TX   (pin_B9) // Y4
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_RX   (pin_B8) // Y3
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_NAME "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_TX   (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_RX   (pin_B12) // Y5

// USRSW has no pullup or pulldown, and pressing the switch makes the input go low
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PIN        (pin_B3)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PULL       (GPIO_PULLUP)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_EXTI_MODE  (GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PRESSED    (0)

// The pyboard has 4 LEDs
#define MICROPY_HW_LED1             (pin_A13) // red
#define MICROPY_HW_LED2             (pin_A14) // green
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3             (pin_A15) // yellow
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4             (pin_B4)  // blue
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3_PWM         { TIM2, 2, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF1_TIM2 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4_PWM         { TIM3, 3, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF2_TIM3 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_ON(pin)      (mp_hal_pin_high(pin))
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_OFF(pin)     (mp_hal_pin_low(pin))

// SD card detect switch
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PIN        (pin_A8)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PULL       (GPIO_PULLDOWN)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PRESENT    (GPIO_PIN_SET)

// USB config
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_FS              (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_VBUS_DETECT_PIN (pin_A9)


// MMA accelerometer config-


// Bootloader configuration (only needed if Mboot is used)
#define MBOOT_I2C_PERIPH_ID 1
#define MBOOT_I2C_SCL (pin_B8)
#define MBOOT_I2C_SDA (pin_B9)
#define MBOOT_I2C_ALTFUNC (4)

```

## 源地YD-pyBoard的pins.csv

修改后的别名表，RGB控制以引脚为B5。

| X1         | PA0   |
| ---------- | ----- |
| X2         | PA1   |
| X3         | PA2   |
| X4         | PA3   |
| X5         | PA4   |
| X6         | PA5   |
| X7         | PA6   |
| X8         | PA7   |
| X9         | PB6   |
| X10        | PB7   |
| X11        | PC4   |
| X12        | PC5   |
| X13        | Reset |
| X14        | GND   |
| X15        | 3.3V  |
| X16        | VIN   |
| X17        | PB3   |
| X18        | PC13  |
| X19        | PC0   |
| X20        | PC1   |
| X21        | PC2   |
| X22        | PC3   |
| X23        | A3.3V |
| X24        | AGND  |
| Y1         | PC6   |
| Y2         | PC7   |
| Y3         | PB8   |
| Y4         | PB9   |
| Y5         | PB12  |
| Y6         | PB13  |
| Y7         | PB14  |
| Y8         | PB15  |
| Y9         | PB10  |
| Y10        | PB11  |
| Y11        | PB0   |
| Y12        | PB1   |
| Y13        | Reset |
| Y14        | GND   |
| Y15        | 3.3V  |
| Y16        | VIN   |
| SW         | PB3   |
| LED_RED    | PA13  |
| LED_GREEN  | PA14  |
| LED_YELLOW | PA15  |
| LED_BLUE   | PB4   |
| MMA_INT    | PB2   |
| RGB        | PB5   |
| SD_D0      | PC8   |
| SD_D1      | PC9   |
| SD_D2      | PC10  |
| SD_D3      | PC11  |
| SD_CMD     | PD2   |
| SD_CK      | PC12  |
| SD         | PA8   |
| SD_SW      | PA8   |
| USB_VBUS   | PA9   |
| USB_ID     | PA10  |
| USB_DM     | PA11  |
| USB_DP     | PA12  |
| A0         | PA0   |
| A1         | PA1   |
| A2         | PA2   |
| A3         | PA3   |
| A4         | PA4   |
| A5         | PA5   |
| A6         | PA6   |
| A7         | PA7   |
| B6         | PB6   |
| B7         | PB7   |
| C4         | PC4   |
| C5         | PC5   |
| B3         | PB3   |
| C13        | PC13  |
| C0         | PC0   |
| C1         | PC1   |
| C2         | PC2   |
| C3         | PC3   |
| C6         | PC6   |
| C7         | PC7   |
| B8         | PB8   |
| B9         | PB9   |
| B12        | PB12  |
| B13        | PB13  |
| B14        | PB14  |
| B15        | PB15  |
| B10        | PB10  |
| B11        | PB11  |
| B0         | PB0   |
| B1         | PB1   |
| B3         | PB3   |
| A13        | PA13  |
| A14        | PA14  |
| A15        | PA15  |
| B4         | PB4   |
| B2         | PB2   |
| B5         | PB5   |
| C8         | PC8   |
| C9         | PC9   |
| C10        | PC10  |
| C11        | PC11  |
| D2         | PD2   |
| C12        | PC12  |
| A8         | PA8   |

## 出厂测试代码

这是py测试脚本，用户可以放入TF卡或下载到mcu内测试：

```
import time
import _thread
from pyb import LED
from pyb import Accel
import neopixel

accel = Accel()
p = machine.Pin.board.RGB
n = neopixel.NeoPixel(p, 1)

def funcA(sec):
	time.sleep(sec)
	while 1:
		LED(1).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(2).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(3).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(4).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
def funcC(sec):
	time.sleep(sec)
	while 1:
		if accel.x()>=10:
			n[0] = (18, 0, 0)
			n.write()
		elif accel.x()<=-10:
			n[0] = (0, 0, 20)
			n.write()
		elif accel.x()<10 and accel.y()>-10:
			n[0] = (0, 20, 0)
			n.write()
		time.sleep(0.2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
	_thread.start_new_thread(funcA, (0.5,))
	_thread.start_new_thread(funcC, (1,))
```

## 下载固件

YD-pyBoard核心板，在第一次使用前（出厂已经烧录好MPY固件），如果遇到某些情况，需要烧写固件，建议：通过usb口烧录，这是最简单的下载方式，步骤如下：

执行按键操作让核心板进入bootloard模式：按住boot按键不放，在按一下RST按键核心板便进入bootloard模式，在bootloaed模式下mcu可以接受USB口下载，这时候推荐使用STM32CubeProgrammer下载。

## 基本例程

摘录与micropython快速入门手册，详细内容看登录官方网站micropython.org

基本操作

```
import pyb

pyb.repl_uart(pyb.UART(1, 9600)) # duplicate REPL on UART(1)
pyb.wfi() # pause CPU, waiting for interrupt
pyb.freq() # get CPU and bus frequencies
pyb.freq(60000000) # set CPU freq to 60MHz
pyb.stop() # stop CPU, waiting for external interrupt
```

延时和定时器

```
import time

time.sleep(1)           # sleep for 1 second
time.sleep_ms(500)      # sleep for 500 milliseconds
time.sleep_us(10)       # sleep for 10 microseconds
start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter
delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference
```

板载LED

```
from pyb import LED

led = LED(1) # 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue
led.toggle()
led.on()
led.off()

# LEDs 3 and 4 support PWM intensity (0-255)
LED(4).intensity()    # get intensity
LED(4).intensity(128) # set intensity to half
```

板载按键

```
from pyb import Switch

sw = Switch()
sw.value() # returns True or False
sw.callback(lambda: pyb.LED(1).toggle())
```

引脚和GPIO

```
from pyb import Pin

p_out = Pin('X1', Pin.OUT_PP)
p_out.high()
p_out.low()

p_in = Pin('X2', Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
p_in.value() # get value, 0 or 1
```



舵机控制

from pyb import Servo

```
s1 = Servo(1) # servo on position 1 (X1, VIN, GND)
s1.angle(45) # move to 45 degrees
s1.angle(-60, 1500) # move to -60 degrees in 1500ms
s1.speed(50) # for continuous rotation servos
```

定时器

```
from pyb import Timer

tim = Timer(1, freq=1000)
tim.counter() # get counter value
tim.freq(0.5) # 0.5 Hz
tim.callback(lambda t: pyb.LED(1).toggle())
```

RTC (实时时钟)

```
from pyb import RTC

rtc = RTC()
rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time
rtc.datetime() # get date and time
```

PWM 

```
from pyb import Pin, Timer

p = Pin('X1') # X1 has TIM2, CH1
tim = Timer(2, freq=1000)
ch = tim.channel(1, Timer.PWM, pin=p)
ch.pulse_width_percent(50)
```

ADC (模数转换)

```
from pyb import Pin, ADC

adc = ADC(Pin('X19'))
adc.read() # read value, 0-4095
```

DAC(数模转换)

from pyb import Pin, DAC

dac = DAC(Pin('X5'))
dac.write(120) # output between 0 and 255

串口

```
from pyb import UART

uart = UART(1, 9600)
uart.write('hello')
uart.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes
```

SPI总线

```
from pyb import SPI

spi = SPI(1, SPI.CONTROLLER, baudrate=200000, polarity=1, phase=0)
spi.send('hello')
spi.recv(5) # receive 5 bytes on the bus
spi.send_recv('hello') # send and receive 5 bytes
```

I2C 软件通信

```
from machine import I2C

i2c = I2C('X', freq=400000)                 # create hardware I2c object
i2c = I2C(scl='X1', sda='X2', freq=100000)  # create software I2C object

i2c.scan()                          # returns list of peripheral addresses
i2c.writeto(0x42, 'hello')          # write 5 bytes to peripheral with address 0x42
i2c.readfrom(0x42, 5)               # read 5 bytes from peripheral

i2c.readfrom_mem(0x42, 0x10, 2)     # read 2 bytes from peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10
i2c.writeto_mem(0x42, 0x10, 'xy')   # write 2 bytes to peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10
```

I2C硬件通信

```
from machine import I2S, Pin

i2s = I2S(2, sck=Pin('Y6'), ws=Pin('Y5'), sd=Pin('Y8'), mode=I2S.TX, bits=16, format=I2S.STEREO, rate=44100, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.write(buf)             # write buffer of audio samples to I2S device

i2s = I2S(1, sck=Pin('X5'), ws=Pin('X6'), sd=Pin('Y4'), mode=I2S.RX, bits=16, format=I2S.MONO, rate=22050, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.readinto(buf)          # fill buffer with audio samples from I2S device
```

CAN总线（控制器局域网）

```
from pyb import CAN

can = CAN(1, CAN.LOOPBACK)
can.setfilter(0, CAN.LIST16, 0, (123, 124, 125, 126))
can.send('message!', 123)   # send a message with id 123
can.recv(0)                 # receive message on FIFO 0
```

板载加速器

```
from pyb import Accel

accel = Accel()
print(accel.x(), accel.y(), accel.z())
```