YD-pyBoard核心板简介

YD-pyBoard核心板由源地工作室研发，受到官方PYB启发，改进而来，但是与官方的固件并不兼容，造成不兼容的原因由以下情况造成：

1. 官方的加速度传感器MMA7660已经停产，我们源地更换为KXTJ3-1057，所以源代码要修改。
2. 由于官方的核心板SD卡座，经过评估和实际测试容易发生失效（检查卡座插入的机械结构，容易损坏），造成SD插入检查失效，源地YD-pyBoard新更换的SD卡座性能更加可靠，检查更换为高电平检查（官方为低电平检查），所以代码要修改。
3. 源地YD-pyBoard新添加WS2812灯，代码要修改下。

YD-pyBoard核心板与官方的Pyboard V1.1差别详细对比：

	官方Pyboard V1.1	源地®YD-Pyboard V3.0
TF卡座	SD卡插入识别为低电平	SD卡插入识别为高电平
RGB灯	无	有WS2812(MCU的B5)
BOOT按键	无	有（方便进入Bootloard模式）
USB接口	MicroUSB（老款）	Type-c（新款）
加速度传感器	MMA7660FC（已停产）	KXTJ3-1057（性能更佳）
SWD接口	无（无法SWD调试）	有（可以SWD调试）
自恢复保险丝	无	有
电源指示灯	无	有

相关软件

thonny：用于Micropython Pyhton调试编程软件 https://thonny.org/

下载hex软件:STM32CubeProgrammer https://www.st.com/en/development-tools/stm32cubeprog.html

micropython官网：https://micropython.org/

源地YD-pyBoard核心板mpconfigboard.h

主要修改加速度传感器和SD卡座识别方式等代码，mpconfigboard.h代码修改如下：

#define MICROPY_HW_BOARD_NAME       "YD-Pyboard V3.0-MPY-1.21.1-2"
#define MICROPY_HW_MCU_NAME         "STM32F405RG"

#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_SWITCH       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_FLASH        (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_KXTJ3        (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_HAS_LCD          (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RNG       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_RTC       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SERVO     (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_DAC       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_USB       (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_ENABLE_SDCARD    (1)

#define MICROPY_PY_THREAD           (1)

// HSE is 12MHz
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLM (12)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLN (336)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLP (RCC_PLLP_DIV2)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_PLLQ (7)
#define MICROPY_HW_CLK_LAST_FREQ (1)

// The pyboard has a 32kHz crystal for the RTC
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_LSE      (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_US       (0)
#define MICROPY_HW_RTC_USE_CALOUT   (1)

// UART config
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_NAME   "XB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_TX     (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART1_RX     (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_TX     (pin_A2)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RX     (pin_A3)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_RTS    (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART2_CTS    (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_NAME   "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_TX     (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RX     (pin_B11)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_RTS    (pin_B14)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART3_CTS    (pin_B13)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_NAME   "XA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_TX     (pin_A0)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART4_RX     (pin_A1)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_NAME   "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_TX     (pin_C6)
#define MICROPY_HW_UART6_RX     (pin_C7)

// I2C buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SCL (pin_B6)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C1_SDA (pin_B7)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SCL (pin_B10)
#define MICROPY_HW_I2C2_SDA (pin_B11)

// SPI buses
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NAME "X"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_NSS  (pin_A4) // X5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_SCK  (pin_A5) // X6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MISO (pin_A6) // X7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI1_MOSI (pin_A7) // X8
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NAME "Y"
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_NSS  (pin_B12) // Y5
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_SCK  (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MISO (pin_B14) // Y7
#define MICROPY_HW_SPI2_MOSI (pin_B15) // Y8

// I2S buses
#define MICROPY_HW_I2S2      (1)

// CAN buses
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_NAME "YA"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_TX   (pin_B9) // Y4
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN1_RX   (pin_B8) // Y3
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_NAME "YB"
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_TX   (pin_B13) // Y6
#define MICROPY_HW_CAN2_RX   (pin_B12) // Y5

// USRSW has no pullup or pulldown, and pressing the switch makes the input go low
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PIN        (pin_B3)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PULL       (GPIO_PULLUP)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_EXTI_MODE  (GPIO_MODE_IT_FALLING)
#define MICROPY_HW_USRSW_PRESSED    (0)

// The pyboard has 4 LEDs
#define MICROPY_HW_LED1             (pin_A13) // red
#define MICROPY_HW_LED2             (pin_A14) // green
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3             (pin_A15) // yellow
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4             (pin_B4)  // blue
#define MICROPY_HW_LED3_PWM         { TIM2, 2, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF1_TIM2 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED4_PWM         { TIM3, 3, TIM_CHANNEL_1, GPIO_AF2_TIM3 }
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_ON(pin)      (mp_hal_pin_high(pin))
#define MICROPY_HW_LED_OFF(pin)     (mp_hal_pin_low(pin))

// SD card detect switch
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PIN        (pin_A8)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PULL       (GPIO_PULLDOWN)
#define MICROPY_HW_SDCARD_DETECT_PRESENT    (GPIO_PIN_SET)

// USB config
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_FS              (1)
#define MICROPY_HW_USB_VBUS_DETECT_PIN (pin_A9)


// MMA accelerometer config-


// Bootloader configuration (only needed if Mboot is used)
#define MBOOT_I2C_PERIPH_ID 1
#define MBOOT_I2C_SCL (pin_B8)
#define MBOOT_I2C_SDA (pin_B9)
#define MBOOT_I2C_ALTFUNC (4)

源地YD-pyBoard的pins.csv

修改后的别名表，RGB控制以引脚为B5。

X1	PA0
X2	PA1
X3	PA2
X4	PA3
X5	PA4
X6	PA5
X7	PA6
X8	PA7
X9	PB6
X10	PB7
X11	PC4
X12	PC5
X13	Reset
X14	GND
X15	3.3V
X16	VIN
X17	PB3
X18	PC13
X19	PC0
X20	PC1
X21	PC2
X22	PC3
X23	A3.3V
X24	AGND
Y1	PC6
Y2	PC7
Y3	PB8
Y4	PB9
Y5	PB12
Y6	PB13
Y7	PB14
Y8	PB15
Y9	PB10
Y10	PB11
Y11	PB0
Y12	PB1
Y13	Reset
Y14	GND
Y15	3.3V
Y16	VIN
SW	PB3
LED_RED	PA13
LED_GREEN	PA14
LED_YELLOW	PA15
LED_BLUE	PB4
MMA_INT	PB2
RGB	PB5
SD_D0	PC8
SD_D1	PC9
SD_D2	PC10
SD_D3	PC11
SD_CMD	PD2
SD_CK	PC12
SD	PA8
SD_SW	PA8
USB_VBUS	PA9
USB_ID	PA10
USB_DM	PA11
USB_DP	PA12
A0	PA0
A1	PA1
A2	PA2
A3	PA3
A4	PA4
A5	PA5
A6	PA6
A7	PA7
B6	PB6
B7	PB7
C4	PC4
C5	PC5
B3	PB3
C13	PC13
C0	PC0
C1	PC1
C2	PC2
C3	PC3
C6	PC6
C7	PC7
B8	PB8
B9	PB9
B12	PB12
B13	PB13
B14	PB14
B15	PB15
B10	PB10
B11	PB11
B0	PB0
B1	PB1
B3	PB3
A13	PA13
A14	PA14
A15	PA15
B4	PB4
B2	PB2
B5	PB5
C8	PC8
C9	PC9
C10	PC10
C11	PC11
D2	PD2
C12	PC12
A8	PA8

出厂测试代码

这是py测试脚本，用户可以放入TF卡或下载到mcu内测试：

import time
import _thread
from pyb import LED
from pyb import Accel
import neopixel

accel = Accel()
p = machine.Pin.board.RGB
n = neopixel.NeoPixel(p, 1)

def funcA(sec):
	time.sleep(sec)
	while 1:
		LED(1).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(2).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(3).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
		LED(4).toggle()
		time.sleep(0.5)
def funcC(sec):
	time.sleep(sec)
	while 1:
		if accel.x()>=10:
			n[0] = (18, 0, 0)
			n.write()
		elif accel.x()<=-10:
			n[0] = (0, 0, 20)
			n.write()
		elif accel.x()<10 and accel.y()>-10:
			n[0] = (0, 20, 0)
			n.write()
		time.sleep(0.2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
	_thread.start_new_thread(funcA, (0.5,))
	_thread.start_new_thread(funcC, (1,))

下载固件

YD-pyBoard核心板，在第一次使用前（出厂已经烧录好MPY固件），如果遇到某些情况，需要烧写固件，建议：通过usb口烧录，这是最简单的下载方式，步骤如下：

执行按键操作让核心板进入bootloard模式：按住boot按键不放，在按一下RST按键核心板便进入bootloard模式，在bootloaed模式下mcu可以接受USB口下载，这时候推荐使用STM32CubeProgrammer下载。

基本例程

摘录与micropython快速入门手册，详细内容看登录官方网站micropython.org

基本操作

import pyb

pyb.repl_uart(pyb.UART(1, 9600)) # duplicate REPL on UART(1)
pyb.wfi() # pause CPU, waiting for interrupt
pyb.freq() # get CPU and bus frequencies
pyb.freq(60000000) # set CPU freq to 60MHz
pyb.stop() # stop CPU, waiting for external interrupt

延时和定时器

import time

time.sleep(1)           # sleep for 1 second
time.sleep_ms(500)      # sleep for 500 milliseconds
time.sleep_us(10)       # sleep for 10 microseconds
start = time.ticks_ms() # get value of millisecond counter
delta = time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) # compute time difference

板载LED

from pyb import LED

led = LED(1) # 1=red, 2=green, 3=yellow, 4=blue
led.toggle()
led.on()
led.off()

# LEDs 3 and 4 support PWM intensity (0-255)
LED(4).intensity()    # get intensity
LED(4).intensity(128) # set intensity to half

板载按键

from pyb import Switch

sw = Switch()
sw.value() # returns True or False
sw.callback(lambda: pyb.LED(1).toggle())

引脚和GPIO

from pyb import Pin

p_out = Pin('X1', Pin.OUT_PP)
p_out.high()
p_out.low()

p_in = Pin('X2', Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)
p_in.value() # get value, 0 or 1

舵机控制

from pyb import Servo

s1 = Servo(1) # servo on position 1 (X1, VIN, GND)
s1.angle(45) # move to 45 degrees
s1.angle(-60, 1500) # move to -60 degrees in 1500ms
s1.speed(50) # for continuous rotation servos

定时器

from pyb import Timer

tim = Timer(1, freq=1000)
tim.counter() # get counter value
tim.freq(0.5) # 0.5 Hz
tim.callback(lambda t: pyb.LED(1).toggle())

RTC (实时时钟)

from pyb import RTC

rtc = RTC()
rtc.datetime((2017, 8, 23, 1, 12, 48, 0, 0)) # set a specific date and time
rtc.datetime() # get date and time

PWM

from pyb import Pin, Timer

p = Pin('X1') # X1 has TIM2, CH1
tim = Timer(2, freq=1000)
ch = tim.channel(1, Timer.PWM, pin=p)
ch.pulse_width_percent(50)

ADC (模数转换)

from pyb import Pin, ADC

adc = ADC(Pin('X19'))
adc.read() # read value, 0-4095

DAC(数模转换)

from pyb import Pin, DAC

dac = DAC(Pin('X5')) dac.write(120) # output between 0 and 255

串口

from pyb import UART

uart = UART(1, 9600)
uart.write('hello')
uart.read(5) # read up to 5 bytes

SPI总线

from pyb import SPI

spi = SPI(1, SPI.CONTROLLER, baudrate=200000, polarity=1, phase=0)
spi.send('hello')
spi.recv(5) # receive 5 bytes on the bus
spi.send_recv('hello') # send and receive 5 bytes

I2C 软件通信

from machine import I2C

i2c = I2C('X', freq=400000)                 # create hardware I2c object
i2c = I2C(scl='X1', sda='X2', freq=100000)  # create software I2C object

i2c.scan()                          # returns list of peripheral addresses
i2c.writeto(0x42, 'hello')          # write 5 bytes to peripheral with address 0x42
i2c.readfrom(0x42, 5)               # read 5 bytes from peripheral

i2c.readfrom_mem(0x42, 0x10, 2)     # read 2 bytes from peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10
i2c.writeto_mem(0x42, 0x10, 'xy')   # write 2 bytes to peripheral 0x42, peripheral memory 0x10

I2C硬件通信

from machine import I2S, Pin

i2s = I2S(2, sck=Pin('Y6'), ws=Pin('Y5'), sd=Pin('Y8'), mode=I2S.TX, bits=16, format=I2S.STEREO, rate=44100, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.write(buf)             # write buffer of audio samples to I2S device

i2s = I2S(1, sck=Pin('X5'), ws=Pin('X6'), sd=Pin('Y4'), mode=I2S.RX, bits=16, format=I2S.MONO, rate=22050, ibuf=40000) # create I2S object
i2s.readinto(buf)          # fill buffer with audio samples from I2S device

CAN总线（控制器局域网）

from pyb import CAN

can = CAN(1, CAN.LOOPBACK)
can.setfilter(0, CAN.LIST16, 0, (123, 124, 125, 126))
can.send('message!', 123)   # send a message with id 123
can.recv(0)                 # receive message on FIFO 0

板载加速器

from pyb import Accel

accel = Accel()
print(accel.x(), accel.y(), accel.z())